中华临床医师杂志（电子版） 2010年8月,4卷8期

论　著

认知障碍患者173例的临床分析

王智樱，陈刚

王智樱、陈刚，上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院神经内科，200127

摘要:目的　比较不同程度认知障碍患者的临床特征及神经心理学评分。方法　收集患者的一般人口学资料(包括性别、年龄、教育程度、病程)并行简易精神状态量表(MMSE)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、言语流畅性试验(VFT)和画钟试验(CDT)等检查。所有病例(173例)，包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)132例和轻度认知功能损害(MCI)41例，均按照临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)评定认知功能损害的严重程度。结果　173例患者中女107例，男66例，(女∶男＝1.62∶1)；四组间患者的年龄、教育程度、病程及MMSE、ADL、CDT、VFT分值经分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论　年龄大、教育程度低、病程长的患者认知功能损害重。不同程度的认知损害患者，其神经心理学评分存在显著差异。

关键词:认知障碍；　神经心理学测验；　危险因素

Clinical analysis of 173 patients with cognitive impairment

WANG Zhi-ying，CHEN Gang.

Department of Neurology，Renji Hospital，School of Medicine，Shanghai Jiaotong University，Shanghai 200127，China

Abstract:Objective　To compare clinical characteristics and neuropsychological test scores among different degrees of patients with cognitive impairment.Methods　Patient demographic data(including sex，age，education and course of disease)were collected and patients were tested with MMSE(Mini-Mental State Examination)，ADL(Activities of Daily Living)，VFT(Verbal Fluency Test)and CDT(Clock Drawing Test).Degree of cognitive impairment(n＝173，including AD＝132 and MCI＝41)was evaluated according to CDR(Clinical Dementia Rating).Results　All 173 patients(107 females and 66 males，female：male＝1.62∶1)were involved in the analysis.There were significant differences in age，education，course of disease and scores of MMSE，ADL，CDT，VFT among four groups.Conclusions　Elder patients with less education and longer course of disease have severe cognitive impairment.Different degrees of patients with cognitive impairment have significant differences in neuropsychological test scores.

Keywords:Cognition disorders；　Neuropsychological tests；　Risk factors

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(编辑：宋澍清 收稿日期：2009-12-29)